{"id":15815,"date":"2015-02-04T16:51:25","date_gmt":"2015-02-04T21:51:25","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/?page_id=15815"},"modified":"2020-07-20T05:35:13","modified_gmt":"2020-07-20T10:35:13","slug":"wood-finishes-works","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wood-articles\/wood-finishes-works\/","title":{"rendered":"Wood Finishes: What Works When"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"15815\" class=\"elementor elementor-15815\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-26efac7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"26efac7\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-cab74e9\" data-id=\"cab74e9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-53931b7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"53931b7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>by Eric Meier<\/strong><\/p><p><em>\u201cWhat\u2019s the best type of wood finish to use for this wood?\u201d\u00a0<\/em>I\u2019m always amused when I get asked this question, as if there is only one single \u201cright\u201d finish to use for a given wood species. The real answer would be, \u201cit depends\u2026\u201d It all depends on what type of look you\u2019re going for, what level of protection you want, how much maintenance you\u2019re willing to do, etc.<\/p><p>But the more I think about this question, the more I realize that although there is no \u201cwrong\u201d finish for a given wood species, there are definitely some finishes that seem to work\u00a0<em>better<\/em>\u00a0in certain situations than others. It all depends on context. With this in mind, the following is an overview of a number of consumer-level wood finishes, as well as my honest assessment as to which ones work best, and when.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d15c426 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d15c426\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2eda194\" data-id=\"2eda194\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-01278bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"01278bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<!-- 2019-inline-article-elementor -->\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\n     style=\"display:block\"\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-3550840598661096\"\n     data-ad-slot=\"6514411072\"\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d381ef3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d381ef3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1afeb6d\" data-id=\"1afeb6d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13c785b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"13c785b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h1>Rub-in oils<\/h1><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/gp\/product\/B000C016PG\/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=B000C016PG&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=wood-finishes-20&amp;linkId=I27EGW5PU2PYKMXZ\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ws-na.amazon-adsystem.com\/widgets\/q?_encoding=UTF8&amp;ASIN=B000C016PG&amp;Format=_SL250_&amp;ID=AsinImage&amp;MarketPlace=US&amp;ServiceVersion=20070822&amp;WS=1&amp;tag=wood-finishes-20\" alt=\"\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"border: none !important; margin: 0px !important;\" src=\"https:\/\/ir-na.amazon-adsystem.com\/e\/ir?t=wood-finishes-20&amp;l=as2&amp;o=1&amp;a=B000C016PG\" alt=\"\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" border=\"0\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/gp\/product\/B002V4PF3K\/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=B002V4PF3K&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=wood-finishes-20&amp;linkId=KNRIBCHMTSEFPETS\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ws-na.amazon-adsystem.com\/widgets\/q?_encoding=UTF8&amp;ASIN=B002V4PF3K&amp;Format=_SL250_&amp;ID=AsinImage&amp;MarketPlace=US&amp;ServiceVersion=20070822&amp;WS=1&amp;tag=wood-finishes-20\" alt=\"\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"border: none !important; margin: 0px !important;\" src=\"https:\/\/ir-na.amazon-adsystem.com\/e\/ir?t=wood-finishes-20&amp;l=as2&amp;o=1&amp;a=B002V4PF3K\" alt=\"\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\"><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row \"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion_builder_column_1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last 1_1\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper\" data-bg-url=\"\"><div class=\"fusion-text\"><p><strong>The Lowdown:<\/strong>\u00a0These are more or less pure oils, and they are extremely simple to apply: you just rub them in, wait a few minutes (or hours) to allow the oil to penetrate the wood, and then wipe off the excess. The two main players in this category are tung oil and linseed oil. Given enough time, both will naturally dry or cure on their own. (As opposed to other natural oils\u2014think canola or olive oil\u2014which just stay \u201cwet\u201d for an indefinite period of time and would eventually go rancid.)<\/p><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\">\u00a0<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\"><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row \"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion_builder_column_1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last fusion-column-no-min-height 1_1\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper\" data-bg-url=\"\"><div class=\"fusion-text\"><div id=\"attachment_4563\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-4563 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/white-oak-box-400x400.jpg\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/white-oak-box-60x60.jpg 60w, https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/white-oak-box-200x200.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/white-oak-box-400x400.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/white-oak-box.jpg 600w\" alt=\"Quartersawn White Oak box\" width=\"400\" height=\"400\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4563\" \/><\/p><p id=\"caption-attachment-4563\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Quartersawn White Oak box finished with boiled linseed oil<\/p><\/div><p>Boiled linseed oil (BLO) tends to be the cheaper of these two oils, and since raw linseed oil can take a very long\u00a0time to dry, heavy-metal driers (cobalt\/manganese salts) are added to accelerate the curing process in lieu of actually \u201cboiling\u201d the oil. For something closer to a true\u00a0boiled linseed oil without the added chemicals, try something like\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/gp\/product\/B003DL10LQ\/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=B003DL10LQ&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=wood-finishes-20&amp;linkId=ZSDGAXM6GAV6HZ7X\">Tried &amp; True Original Wood Finish<\/a>, which is FDA approved for direct food contact in both its cured and uncured state.<\/p><p>Tung oil is very similar, except that raw tung oil still eventually dries and can be used as-is. (Look for words such as \u201craw,\u201d \u201cpure,\u201d or \u201c100%\u201d in the name to find the straight oil.) There are also\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sutherlandwelles.com\/shop\/polymerized\/tungoil\/highlustre\">heated\/altered versions of tung oil<\/a>\u00a0which, like linseed oil, helps the oil polymerize (fancy chemistry word for \u201cdry\u201d) faster. Many \u201ctung oil\u201d finishes sold on the market today are not truly pure tung oil, but may incorporate a portion\u00a0of tung oil with other resins and could really be considered an oil-varnish blend, discussed\u00a0<a title=\"Wood Finishes: What Works When\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wood-finishes-works\/#blends\">further down<\/a>.<\/p><blockquote><p><strong>Where it works:\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0These oils give a rich warmth to the wood surface, and linseed oil in particular tends to accelerate and exaggerate the natural patina of the wood. They tend to impart\u00a0a satiny sheen that isn\u2019t too glossy, replicating\u00a0a \u201cnatural\u201d wood look. However, because it\u2019s\u00a0<em>in<\/em>\u00a0the wood rather than\u00a0<em>on<\/em>\u00a0it, these oils don\u2019t offer the best protection and wear\/moisture resistance, and should be used on places\u00a0that receive minimal wear, or on pieces where fresh coats of oil can easily be reapplied.<\/p><p><strong>Best Bets:<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/black-walnut\/\">Walnut<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/honduran-mahogany\/\">mahogany<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/red-oak\/\">oak<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/black-cherry\/\">cherry<\/a>\u00a0(if you\u2019re looking for a darker, richer natural patina with low sheen).<\/p><p><strong>Fails:<\/strong> Anywhere a glossy, high-sheen finish is desired, or any place where\u00a0wear\/durability will be an issue. Also, linseed oil isn\u2019t the best for woods like\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/african-padauk\/\">padauk<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/purpleheart\/\">purpleheart<\/a>, or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/cocobolo\/\">cocobolo<\/a>\u00a0(if you like the color of the wood as-is, this isn\u2019t the finish to use; light-colored woods will yellow, and colorful woods age\/darken much faster).<\/p><\/blockquote><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-dd6c9fd elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"dd6c9fd\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ae0175c\" data-id=\"ae0175c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db6c2f5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"db6c2f5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h1>Oil-varnish blends<a id=\"blends\"><\/a><\/h1><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/gp\/product\/B002JD3J2M\/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=B002JD3J2M&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=wood-finishes-20&amp;linkId=YMIEEYSGFU7KV64E\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ws-na.amazon-adsystem.com\/widgets\/q?_encoding=UTF8&amp;ASIN=B002JD3J2M&amp;Format=_SL250_&amp;ID=AsinImage&amp;MarketPlace=US&amp;ServiceVersion=20070822&amp;WS=1&amp;tag=wood-finishes-20\" alt=\"\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"border: none !important; margin: 0px !important;\" src=\"https:\/\/ir-na.amazon-adsystem.com\/e\/ir?t=wood-finishes-20&amp;l=as2&amp;o=1&amp;a=B002JD3J2M\" alt=\"\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" border=\"0\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/gp\/product\/B00176TCU0\/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=B00176TCU0&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=wood-finishes-20&amp;linkId=G72WVJV6OE4OGQZN\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ws-na.amazon-adsystem.com\/widgets\/q?_encoding=UTF8&amp;ASIN=B00176TCU0&amp;Format=_SL250_&amp;ID=AsinImage&amp;MarketPlace=US&amp;ServiceVersion=20070822&amp;WS=1&amp;tag=wood-finishes-20\" alt=\"\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"border: none !important; margin: 0px !important;\" src=\"https:\/\/ir-na.amazon-adsystem.com\/e\/ir?t=wood-finishes-20&amp;l=as2&amp;o=1&amp;a=B00176TCU0\" alt=\"\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" border=\"0\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/gp\/product\/B003OF7AGU\/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=B003OF7AGU&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=wood-finishes-20&amp;linkId=63CRB3UJEZHU2Q37\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ws-na.amazon-adsystem.com\/widgets\/q?_encoding=UTF8&amp;ASIN=B003OF7AGU&amp;Format=_SL250_&amp;ID=AsinImage&amp;MarketPlace=US&amp;ServiceVersion=20070822&amp;WS=1&amp;tag=wood-finishes-20\" alt=\"\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"border: none !important; margin: 0px !important;\" src=\"https:\/\/ir-na.amazon-adsystem.com\/e\/ir?t=wood-finishes-20&amp;l=as2&amp;o=1&amp;a=B003OF7AGU\" alt=\"\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p><p><strong>The Lowdown:<\/strong> Oil-varnish blends are an extremely popular wood finish. They combine the ease-of-application of rub-in oils, but are fortified with resins to give them a bit more durability. Various other additives may be found as well, such as dyes\/pigments, driers, or UV inhibitors. Depending on the composition of the blend, it may be more able to build up a moderate sheen (semi-gloss) on the wood surface.<\/p><p>One of the biggest drawbacks to these sorts of finishes is that they are somewhat of a mystery in terms of their composition. In nearly all cases, they will use a linseed or tung oil base, but beyond that, there&#8217;s no telling what exactly is in each product. Many times, a host of products are cleverly named\u00a0as a marketing ploy\u00a0to increase sales (e.g., &#8220;teak oil&#8221; for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/teak\/\">Teak<\/a> furniture, &#8220;antique oil&#8221; for antique furniture, etc.) At\u00a0times, an oil product may be nothing more than a drastically thinned-down version of a pure rub-in oil with added driers to make it easier to recoat in less time.<\/p><blockquote><p><strong>Where it works:<\/strong>\u00a0In most instances, oil-varnish blends work in much the same way and in much the same capacity as rub-in oils. They soak into the wood and provide a thin, natural-looking finish that&#8217;s easy to apply. They may have a bit more versatility in terms of sheen and color options. Durability of the finish is slightly better than pure oils (due to added resins), but is usually still inadequate for high-traffic, high-wear pieces.<\/p><p><strong>Best Bets: <\/strong>[Same as rub-in oils] <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/black-walnut\/\">walnut<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/honduran-mahogany\/\">mahogany<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/red-oak\/\">oak<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/black-cherry\/\">cherry<\/a> (if you&#8217;re looking for a darker, richer natural patina with low to mid sheen).<\/p><p><strong>Fails:<\/strong> [same as rub-in oils]\u00a0Anywhere a glossy, high-sheen finished is desired, or any place where wear\/durability will be an issue. Also, linseed oil-based finishes aren&#8217;t the best for woods like\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/african-padauk\/\">padauk<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/purpleheart\/\">purpleheart<\/a>, or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/cocobolo\/\">cocobolo<\/a> (if you like the color of the wood as-is, this isn&#8217;t the finish to use; light-colored woods will yellow, and colorful woods age\/darken much faster).<\/p><\/blockquote>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c2f8d3e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c2f8d3e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e139272\" data-id=\"e139272\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11af866 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"11af866\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<!-- 2019-inline-article-elementor -->\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\n     style=\"display:block\"\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-3550840598661096\"\n     data-ad-slot=\"6514411072\"\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-db56bfa elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"db56bfa\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d2e4c9a\" data-id=\"d2e4c9a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2e96ba4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2e96ba4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h1>Varnishes<\/h1><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/gp\/product\/B000C010J8\/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=B000C010J8&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=wood-finishes-20&amp;linkId=GZCICOWVEYKAAXNM\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ws-na.amazon-adsystem.com\/widgets\/q?_encoding=UTF8&amp;ASIN=B000C010J8&amp;Format=_SL250_&amp;ID=AsinImage&amp;MarketPlace=US&amp;ServiceVersion=20070822&amp;WS=1&amp;tag=wood-finishes-20\" alt=\"\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"border: none !important; margin: 0px !important;\" src=\"https:\/\/ir-na.amazon-adsystem.com\/e\/ir?t=wood-finishes-20&amp;l=as2&amp;o=1&amp;a=B000C010J8\" alt=\"\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" border=\"0\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/gp\/product\/B001DSY7L6\/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=B001DSY7L6&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=wood-finishes-20&amp;linkId=2WMOWIQHXAVOMMNF\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ws-na.amazon-adsystem.com\/widgets\/q?_encoding=UTF8&amp;ASIN=B001DSY7L6&amp;Format=_SL250_&amp;ID=AsinImage&amp;MarketPlace=US&amp;ServiceVersion=20070822&amp;WS=1&amp;tag=wood-finishes-20\" alt=\"\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"border: none !important; margin: 0px !important;\" src=\"https:\/\/ir-na.amazon-adsystem.com\/e\/ir?t=wood-finishes-20&amp;l=as2&amp;o=1&amp;a=B001DSY7L6\" alt=\"\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" border=\"0\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/gp\/product\/B005ADWQ9U\/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=B005ADWQ9U&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=wood-finishes-20&amp;linkId=MEKFF3CPOQK4UNBK\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ws-na.amazon-adsystem.com\/widgets\/q?_encoding=UTF8&amp;ASIN=B005ADWQ9U&amp;Format=_SL250_&amp;ID=AsinImage&amp;MarketPlace=US&amp;ServiceVersion=20070822&amp;WS=1&amp;tag=wood-finishes-20\" alt=\"\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"border: none !important; margin: 0px !important;\" src=\"https:\/\/ir-na.amazon-adsystem.com\/e\/ir?t=wood-finishes-20&amp;l=as2&amp;o=1&amp;a=B005ADWQ9U\" alt=\"\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p><p><strong>The Lowdown:<\/strong>\u00a0Varnishes are known for their durability and toughness. A variety of sheens are available: from satin to glossy. They are generally oil-based, and contain synthetic resins such as phenolic, alkyd, and urethane.<\/p><p>The most desirable attribute of varnishes is that they are able to build up multiple coats (known as &#8220;film-building&#8221;), which enable them to excel at truly protecting the wood. When slopped on with a brush in several thick coats, they&#8217;re notorious for creating a plastic-like appearance on wood surfaces. Thinned-down formulations also exist, which can be wiped on, but still require slightly more care to apply than a strictly rub-in oil finish.<\/p><figure id=\"attachment_15287\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15287\" style=\"width: 400px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-15287\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pau-ferro-bowl-400x335.jpg\" alt=\"Pau Ferro and Curly Maple (turned)\" width=\"400\" height=\"335\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pau-ferro-bowl-400x335.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pau-ferro-bowl-200x167.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pau-ferro-bowl-60x50.jpg 60w, https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/pau-ferro-bowl.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-15287\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pau Ferro and Curly Maple finished with glossy wiping varnish and buffed<\/figcaption><\/figure><p>What sets varnishes apart from one another is their formulation and quantity of resins. Finishes\u00a0that contain a higher percentage of oils and less resins are called long-oil varnishes, and tend to be more elastic and soft\u2014perfect for outdoor applications and areas that receive a lot of moisture (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/gp\/product\/B005ADWQ9U\/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=B005ADWQ9U&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=wood-finishes-20&amp;linkId=MEKFF3CPOQK4UNBK\">Epifanes<\/a> is a good example of a long-oil varnish). Toward\u00a0the other\u00a0end of the spectrum are medium and short-oil varnishes, which contain a higher concentration of resins and cure to a harder finish\u2014good for table tops and floors (such as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/gp\/product\/B008TNS99O\/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=B008TNS99O&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=thewoodat-20&amp;linkId=ZSXULJ6XIZ4XO7M2\">Behlen&#8217;s Rockhard Table Top Varnish<\/a>).<\/p><blockquote><p><strong>Where it works:<\/strong> Anywhere toughness is paramount, varnishes should be your go-to option. Also, the glossy properties of varnish, when applied well, can give an eye-catching sophistication to a piece.<\/p><p><strong>Best Bets:<\/strong> Exterior wood surfaces (boats, decks, outdoor furniture), as well as high wear areas (flooring, tabletops, and cabinets). <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/teak\/\">Teak<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/white-oak\/\">white oak<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/black-cherry\/\">cherry<\/a>\u00a0(use water-based varnishes such as Minwax&#8217;s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/gp\/product\/B000BZYYH4\/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=B000BZYYH4&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=wood-finishes-20&amp;linkId=I3XYPZF6CYOXOUYK\">Polycrylic<\/a> to preserve lighter colored woods such as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/hard-maple\/\">maple<\/a>).<\/p><p><strong>Fails:<\/strong> Oily tropical hardwoods (can have <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wood-articles\/finishing-exotic-tropical-hardwoods\/\">issues curing properly<\/a>), as well as any project where a natural or rustic look is desired. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wormy-chestnut\/\">Wormy chestnut<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/ambrosia-maple\/\">ambrosia maple<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/lumber-identification\/other\/banksia-pod\/\">banksia pods<\/a>.<\/p><\/blockquote>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ee8133a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ee8133a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-bfaebec\" data-id=\"bfaebec\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-35c10ec elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"35c10ec\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h1>Evaporative finishes<\/h1><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/gp\/product\/B000C02BXW\/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=B000C02BXW&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=wood-finishes-20&amp;linkId=5HGL7KOZRLFKASGA\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ws-na.amazon-adsystem.com\/widgets\/q?_encoding=UTF8&amp;ASIN=B000C02BXW&amp;Format=_SL250_&amp;ID=AsinImage&amp;MarketPlace=US&amp;ServiceVersion=20070822&amp;WS=1&amp;tag=wood-finishes-20\" alt=\"\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"border: none !important; margin: 0px !important;\" src=\"https:\/\/ir-na.amazon-adsystem.com\/e\/ir?t=wood-finishes-20&amp;l=as2&amp;o=1&amp;a=B000C02BXW\" alt=\"\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" border=\"0\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/gp\/product\/B000LNSGB6\/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=B000LNSGB6&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=wood-finishes-20&amp;linkId=PXXBAASFBO2J4YGS\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ws-na.amazon-adsystem.com\/widgets\/q?_encoding=UTF8&amp;ASIN=B000LNSGB6&amp;Format=_SL250_&amp;ID=AsinImage&amp;MarketPlace=US&amp;ServiceVersion=20070822&amp;WS=1&amp;tag=wood-finishes-20\" alt=\"\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"border: none !important; margin: 0px !important;\" src=\"https:\/\/ir-na.amazon-adsystem.com\/e\/ir?t=wood-finishes-20&amp;l=as2&amp;o=1&amp;a=B000LNSGB6\" alt=\"\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" border=\"0\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/gp\/product\/B00D3IDZU8\/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=B00D3IDZU8&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=wood-finishes-20&amp;linkId=BYEAJHRYIMJMTVYC\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ws-na.amazon-adsystem.com\/widgets\/q?_encoding=UTF8&amp;ASIN=B00D3IDZU8&amp;Format=_SL250_&amp;ID=AsinImage&amp;MarketPlace=US&amp;ServiceVersion=20070822&amp;WS=1&amp;tag=wood-finishes-20\" alt=\"\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"border: none !important; margin: 0px !important;\" src=\"https:\/\/ir-na.amazon-adsystem.com\/e\/ir?t=wood-finishes-20&amp;l=as2&amp;o=1&amp;a=B00D3IDZU8\" alt=\"\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p><p><strong>The Lowdown:\u00a0<\/strong>The two primary types of evaporative finishes seen today are shellac and lacquer; they&#8217;re a bit different than varnishes or\u00a0oils as they are composed of a solvent and a resin, and simply rely on the solvent to evaporate, leaving the resin behind. Shellac uses a denatured alcohol (DNA) solvent with a natural resin\u2014secreted by <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kerria_lacca\">lac bugs<\/a> found in India and Thailand. Lacquer uses a special blend of solvents referred to simply as lacquer thinner, with alkyd and nitrocellulose resins. Because they rely on evaporation (rather than oxidation), they both\u00a0tend to be very fast-drying. Like varnishes, they are film-building and sit on top (not in) the wood, and are available in a number of different sheens. They offer better protection than oil or oil-varnish blends, but fall short of the supreme toughness of varnishes.<\/p><figure id=\"attachment_15840\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15840\" style=\"width: 400px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-15840\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/cocobolo-glossy-400x300.jpg\" alt=\"Cocobolo (bookmatched) with a buffed, glossy shellac finish\" width=\"400\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/cocobolo-glossy-400x300.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/cocobolo-glossy-200x150.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/cocobolo-glossy-60x45.jpg 60w, https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/cocobolo-glossy.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-15840\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cocobolo (bookmatched) with a buffed, glossy shellac finish<\/figcaption><\/figure><p>One of shellac&#8217;s claims to fame is its compatibility with a variety of surfaces and topcoats. The old adage is: shellac sticks to everything, and everything sticks to shellac. Traditionally, shellac is mixed from shellac flakes dissolved in alcohol, but premixed commercial varieties are also available. The downside to this is that shellac has a somewhat short shelf-life (about one year from the time it&#8217;s mixed). Instructions on mixing your own shellac are given in my page on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wood-articles\/finishing-exotic-tropical-hardwoods\/\">finishing exotic\u00a0woods<\/a>. Zinsser&#8217;s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/gp\/product\/B000C02BXW\/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=B000C02BXW&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=wood-finishes-20&amp;linkId=5HGL7KOZRLFKASGA\">SealCoat<\/a> is an excellent shellac product that is premixed and relatively shelf-stable.<\/p><blockquote><p><strong>Bonus note on shellac:<\/strong> Based on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.woodworkerssource.com\/blog\/tips-tricks\/how-to-finish-african-padauk-wood-to-preserve-the-color\/\">an experiment of wood finishes<\/a> for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/african-padauk\/\">African padauk<\/a> put on by Woodworker&#8217;s Source, it was found that shellac outperformed all other major finish types in preserving the orange color of the padauk. My theory as to why this is the case is that padauk&#8217;s colors (as well as many other exotics) are very much soluble in alcohol, and the solvent present in the shellac may actually be pulling some of the wood&#8217;s natural colors out of the wood surface and locking them into the lac resin.<\/p><\/blockquote><p>Lacquer tends to be a little tougher and more resilient than shellac. Many professional furniture makers have dedicated spray booths and spray lacquer onto their pieces with great efficiency. But even without expensive spray equipment, much of the benefits of lacquer can still be reaped in the form of brushing lacquer, as well as spray-cans of lacquer sold at hardware stores. Besides the somewhat noxious solvents contained in lacquer, the only other downside is that the nitrocellulose resin (contained in ordinary lacquer) tends to yellow with age, which may be an issue on lighter-colored woods. A special type of lacquer\u2014cellulose acetate butyrate (or\u00a0CAB)\u2014made with different, non-yellowing resins is also available.<\/p><blockquote><p><span style=\"line-height: 1.5;\"><strong>Where it works:<\/strong>\u00a0Great for interior projects that will see a moderate amount of use (again, varnishes should be used for the most demanding applications). Choose an evaporative finish if you have a very colorful or ornately figured project that you want to highlight in all its glossy glory. Some of the most dazzling\u00a0and renowned\u00a0wood finishes in the world have historically been from padding very thin coats of shellac onto the surface of the wood (a technique called <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/gp\/product\/1621136728\/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=1621136728&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=wood-finishes-20&amp;linkId=IBXTLQI54M24T6TG\">french polishing<\/a>) until an immaculately clear shine emerges.<\/span><\/p><p><strong>Best Bets:\u00a0<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/hardwoods\/fabaceae\/dalbergia\/\">Rosewoods<\/a>, colorful exotics (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/african-padauk\/\">padauk<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/purpleheart\/\">purpleheart<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/bloodwood\/\">bloodwood<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/cocobolo\/\">cocobolo<\/a>), and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/amboyna\/\">burls<\/a>.<\/p><p><strong>Fails:<\/strong>\u00a0Evaporative finishes tend to have poor heat and chemical resistance (its own solvent is capable of re-dissolving the cured finish), and should be restricted to interior projects. Shellac really only comes as a glossy finish, and must be rubbed out by hand to a lower sheen (using #0000 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/gp\/product\/B001JYVDSE\/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=B001JYVDSE&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=wood-finishes-20&amp;linkId=RBLOCXWILAPNIWIS\">steel wool<\/a><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"border: none !important; margin: 0px !important;\" src=\"https:\/\/ir-na.amazon-adsystem.com\/e\/ir?t=wood-finishes-20&amp;l=as2&amp;o=1&amp;a=B001JYVDSE\" alt=\"\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" border=\"0\" \/>) if a satiny finish is desired.<\/p><\/blockquote>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2da053b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2da053b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-49e4dce\" data-id=\"49e4dce\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eda2a31 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"eda2a31\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js\"><\/script>\n<!-- 2019-inline-article-elementor -->\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\n     style=\"display:block\"\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-3550840598661096\"\n     data-ad-slot=\"6514411072\"\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b321f63 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b321f63\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-28d5aa4\" data-id=\"28d5aa4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3cfb794 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3cfb794\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h1>Fill, Level, and Buff for the Win!<\/h1><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/gp\/product\/B0000DD612\/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=B0000DD612&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=wood-finishes-20&amp;linkId=3HWQOOEO6BABQCJA\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ws-na.amazon-adsystem.com\/widgets\/q?_encoding=UTF8&amp;ASIN=B0000DD612&amp;Format=_SL250_&amp;ID=AsinImage&amp;MarketPlace=US&amp;ServiceVersion=20070822&amp;WS=1&amp;tag=wood-finishes-20\" alt=\"\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"border: none !important; margin: 0px !important;\" src=\"https:\/\/ir-na.amazon-adsystem.com\/e\/ir?t=wood-finishes-20&amp;l=as2&amp;o=1&amp;a=B0000DD612\" alt=\"\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" border=\"0\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/gp\/product\/B0037M6I6I\/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=B0037M6I6I&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=wood-finishes-20&amp;linkId=7RWJG6G2HVFVCWGV\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ws-na.amazon-adsystem.com\/widgets\/q?_encoding=UTF8&amp;ASIN=B0037M6I6I&amp;Format=_SL250_&amp;ID=AsinImage&amp;MarketPlace=US&amp;ServiceVersion=20070822&amp;WS=1&amp;tag=wood-finishes-20\" alt=\"\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"border: none !important; margin: 0px !important;\" src=\"https:\/\/ir-na.amazon-adsystem.com\/e\/ir?t=wood-finishes-20&amp;l=as2&amp;o=1&amp;a=B0037M6I6I\" alt=\"\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" border=\"0\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/gp\/product\/B007VTQFE8\/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=B007VTQFE8&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=wood-finishes-20&amp;linkId=WSYWBSLOJZSQTEQE\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ws-na.amazon-adsystem.com\/widgets\/q?_encoding=UTF8&amp;ASIN=B007VTQFE8&amp;Format=_SL250_&amp;ID=AsinImage&amp;MarketPlace=US&amp;ServiceVersion=20070822&amp;WS=1&amp;tag=wood-finishes-20\" alt=\"\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"border: none !important; margin: 0px !important;\" src=\"https:\/\/ir-na.amazon-adsystem.com\/e\/ir?t=wood-finishes-20&amp;l=as2&amp;o=1&amp;a=B007VTQFE8\" alt=\"\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p><p><strong>The Lowdown:<\/strong> With all film building finishes (polyurethane, tabletop varnish, shellac, and lacquer), there&#8217;s just a few critical elements missing from achieving a flawless, glass-like surface.\u00a0The first is the pores of the wood. Some woods have small enough pores that it doesn&#8217;t matter (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/hard-maple\/\">maple<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/black-cherry\/\">cherry<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/european-beech\/\">beech<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/boxwood\/\">boxwood<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/holly\/\">holly<\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/poplar\/\">poplar<\/a>), which are sometimes referred to as close-grained woods. But many other woods have larger pores that the finish will sink into, creating unevenness in the finish film, and ruining the smooth-as-glass effect. These open-pored or open-grained woods include a bunch of common favorites, as well as many exotics, such as: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/red-oak\/\">oak<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/black-walnut\/\">walnut<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/honduran-mahogany\/\">mahogany<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/white-ash\/\">ash<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/sapele\/\">sapele<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/purpleheart\/\">purpleheart<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/zebrawood\/\">zebrawood<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/bubinga\/\">bubinga<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/teak\/\">teak<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/cocobolo\/\">cocobolo<\/a>, and so forth.<\/p><p>The foundation to every mirror-like gloss finish is an underlying smooth wood surface. It is absolutely critical with open-grained woods that the pores be filled in order to obtain a smooth wood surface before any finish is even applied to the wood. For natural colored woods (in varying shades of brown), an oil-based pore filler can be used. (I greatly prefer oil-based fillers over water-based products because they have less of a tendency to shrink back into the pores over time, material won&#8217;t come out of the pores during sanding, and they generally fill the pores in a single application.) These fillers can also be stained to roughly match the color of the wood being filled. With multi-colored woods (such as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/zebrawood\/\">zebrawood<\/a>) or colorful woods (like <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/african-padauk\/\">padauk<\/a>), a transparent grain filler should be used. I prefer spreading a thin layer of thick CA glue over the wood surface with an old credit card or playing card (using a fan for ventilation), spraying <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/gp\/product\/B0006IUWC2\/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=B0006IUWC2&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=wood-finishes-20&amp;linkId=QDSBZYOUH22BHAPP\">accelerator<\/a>, and then sanding the surface flat with 200 &#8211; 300 grit sandpaper.<\/p><p>Besides the pores, the second obstacle standing in the way of achieving a glassy wood surface is minor imperfections. No matter how perfectly a finish is brushed, sprayed, or wiped on, there will always be imperfections in the final topcoat. These make a bigger difference than you may realize. Dust, drips, unevenness, brush hair, lint, haze, and a host of other imperfections mar the work of even the most assiduous\u00a0of laborers. The finish will need to be leveled with fine-grit sandpaper, and then buffed up to the desired sheen. Leveling should be done carefully with 200 &#8211; 600 grit sandpaper. Because of the risk of sanding through to raw wood, most finishers that intend to level a finish will intentionally build up a thicker film to have a greater margin of error. For spray lacquer, the norm seems to be about 10 coats\u2014brushed finishes should generally require slightly less than that.<\/p><figure id=\"attachment_14332\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14332\" style=\"width: 400px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-14332\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/high-gloss-400x370.jpg\" alt=\"High-Gloss Cocobolo\" width=\"400\" height=\"370\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/high-gloss-400x370.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/high-gloss-200x185.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/high-gloss-60x55.jpg 60w, https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/high-gloss.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-14332\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mirror finish on Cocobolo from 10-12 coats of brushed shellac: leveled and buffed<\/figcaption><\/figure><p>Once the finish has been adequately leveled (the wood surface should be uniformly dull\u2014any glossy\/low spots remaining indicate incomplete leveling), you can be assured that every possible imperfection and irregularity has been removed from the finish film. The finish is flat and flawless\u2014with no luster whatsoever. All that&#8217;s left is to restore the gloss using very fine sandpaper and buffing compounds. After using normal sandpaper up to about 800 grit, I&#8217;ve found that\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/gp\/product\/B001BKT5GS\/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=B001BKT5GS&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=wood-finishes-20&amp;linkId=EGHIKYFEDM4GK26L\">1000 grit Abralon discs<\/a><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"border: none !important; margin: 0px !important;\" src=\"https:\/\/ir-na.amazon-adsystem.com\/e\/ir?t=wood-finishes-20&amp;l=as2&amp;o=1&amp;a=B001BKT5GS\" alt=\"\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" border=\"0\" \/>\u00a0are absolutely fantastic at preparing the finish for the buffing wheel. After the Abralon, I use a cotton buffing wheel with some <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/gp\/product\/B007VTQFE8\/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=B007VTQFE8&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=wood-finishes-20&amp;linkId=WSYWBSLOJZSQTEQE\">Menzerna buffing compound<\/a> applied to the wheels to bring the finish up to a candy-like shine.<\/p><blockquote><p><strong>Where it works:<\/strong> Fine woodworking. Anywhere that you&#8217;d like to show off the details of your wood projects with a new-car-paint level of shine.<\/p><p><strong>Best Bets:<\/strong>\u00a0Just about anything with an interesting grain or color.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/black-walnut\/\">walnut<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/red-oak\/\">oak<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/honduran-mahogany\/\">mahogany<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/cocobolo\/\">cocobolo<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/hardwoods\/fabaceae\/dalbergia\/\">rosewoods<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/snakewood\/\">snakewood<\/a>, and so forth.<\/p><p><strong>Fails:<\/strong> Outdoor projects (mother nature will laugh at all your efforts\u00a0and subsequently trash your hard work in short order). Carved or irregular objects can be very tricky if not impossible to level or buff out. Very light or unfigured woods (plain <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/hard-maple\/\">maple<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/yellow-birch\/\">birch<\/a>, or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/eastern-white-pine\/\">pine<\/a>) aren&#8217;t flattered much by this technique.<\/p><\/blockquote>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b2139fb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b2139fb\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-506cdbb\" data-id=\"506cdbb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a1de1a8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a1de1a8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h1>Specialty Finishes<\/h1><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/gp\/product\/B004G6X0J2\/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=B004G6X0J2&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=wood-finishes-20&amp;linkId=LK63JEJHDWOYL73Y\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ws-na.amazon-adsystem.com\/widgets\/q?_encoding=UTF8&amp;ASIN=B004G6X0J2&amp;Format=_SL250_&amp;ID=AsinImage&amp;MarketPlace=US&amp;ServiceVersion=20070822&amp;WS=1&amp;tag=wood-finishes-20\" alt=\"\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"border: none !important; margin: 0px !important;\" src=\"https:\/\/ir-na.amazon-adsystem.com\/e\/ir?t=wood-finishes-20&amp;l=as2&amp;o=1&amp;a=B004G6X0J2\" alt=\"\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" border=\"0\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/gp\/product\/B0000DD1QQ\/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=B0000DD1QQ&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=wood-finishes-20&amp;linkId=LQUZCM7UOVWSTEXH\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ws-na.amazon-adsystem.com\/widgets\/q?_encoding=UTF8&amp;ASIN=B0000DD1QQ&amp;Format=_SL250_&amp;ID=AsinImage&amp;MarketPlace=US&amp;ServiceVersion=20070822&amp;WS=1&amp;tag=wood-finishes-20\" alt=\"\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"border: none !important; margin: 0px !important;\" src=\"https:\/\/ir-na.amazon-adsystem.com\/e\/ir?t=wood-finishes-20&amp;l=as2&amp;o=1&amp;a=B0000DD1QQ\" alt=\"\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" border=\"0\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"border: none !important; margin: 0px !important;\" src=\"https:\/\/ir-na.amazon-adsystem.com\/e\/ir?t=wood-finishes-20&amp;l=as2&amp;o=1&amp;a=B001CETP86\" alt=\"\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" border=\"0\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/gp\/product\/B000PT191U\/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=B000PT191U&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=thewoodat-20&amp;linkId=NVX7OAO6NGMAUAA2\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ws-na.amazon-adsystem.com\/widgets\/q?_encoding=UTF8&amp;ASIN=B000PT191U&amp;Format=_SL250_&amp;ID=AsinImage&amp;MarketPlace=US&amp;ServiceVersion=20070822&amp;WS=1&amp;tag=thewoodat-20\" alt=\"\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"border: none !important; margin: 0px !important;\" src=\"https:\/\/ir-na.amazon-adsystem.com\/e\/ir?t=thewoodat-20&amp;l=as2&amp;o=1&amp;a=B000PT191U\" alt=\"\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" border=\"0\" \/><br \/><br \/><strong>The Lowdown:<\/strong> In certain circumstances, you may want\/need to use a specialty wood finish that doesn&#8217;t quite fit the characteristics of any of the above categories.<\/p><blockquote><p>One product that is very similar to the pure oils such as tung or linseed is <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/gp\/product\/B004G6X0J2\/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=B004G6X0J2&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=wood-finishes-20&amp;linkId=LK63JEJHDWOYL73Y\">mineral oil<\/a>. Mineral oil doesn&#8217;t cure (polymerize), nor does it go rancid. It just sort of &#8220;is.&#8221; And for a butcher block or other food utensil, that&#8217;s okay. The idea is that this harmless, innocuous substance penetrates the wood and remains there, helping to drive out moisture and preventing bacteria from getting lodged within the wood and breeding. Mineral oil just stays somewhat &#8220;wet&#8221; and needs to be recharged and replenished from time to time.<\/p><\/blockquote><blockquote><p>Although an adhesive, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/gp\/product\/B0000DD1QQ\/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=B0000DD1QQ&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=wood-finishes-20&amp;linkId=LQUZCM7UOVWSTEXH\">CA glue<\/a> can also be used as an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=8zsJXC-17rU\">actual finish<\/a> for small turned items. Thick CA glue is applied to the piece via a paper towel with the lathe on a slow speed. The glue is then allowed to dry (or sprayed with an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/gp\/product\/B0006IUWC2\/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1789&amp;creative=390957&amp;creativeASIN=B0006IUWC2&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=wood-finishes-20&amp;linkId=QDSBZYOUH22BHAPP\">activator<\/a>) and then sanded with very fine grit sandpaper. This process is repeated until a sufficiently thick finish has been formed, and then it is leveled and buffed in much the same way as any other film finish. The resulting finish is very hard, strong, and long-lasting.<\/p><\/blockquote><blockquote><p>Finally, there is paste wax. In most cases, wax should be seen as a temporary finish. It&#8217;s generally used in new projects to add an extra layer of protection to the wood after the final finish has been applied and buffed. In older projects and restorations, it&#8217;s used to bring back some of the shine of a piece&#8217;s younger days, and to help mask and scratches or imperfections in the wood. But with all of waxes&#8217; cosmetic improvements to a wood surface, it should be remembered that wax will eventually rub off with wear. (Also keep in mind that despite any marketing pitches, wood does not &#8220;need&#8221; wax. Wood is not &#8220;thirsty.&#8221; Wood reaches an equilibrium moisture content with the surrounding air based on the relative humidity of the environment.)<\/p><\/blockquote><hr noshade=\"noshade\" size=\"2\" \/><p><strong>See also:<\/strong><\/p><ul><li><a style=\"line-height: 1.5;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wood-articles\/finishing-exotic-tropical-hardwoods\/\"><strong>Finishing Exotic and Tropical Hardwoods<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li><a style=\"line-height: 1.5;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wood-articles\/gluing-oily-tropical-hardwoods\/\"><strong>Gluing Oily Tropical Hardwoods<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wood-articles\/preventing-color-changes-in-exotic-woods\/\">Preventing Color Changes in Exotic Woods<\/a><\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f759969 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f759969\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1c7b161\" data-id=\"1c7b161\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cf93d04 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cf93d04\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h1>Are you an aspiring wood nerd?<\/h1>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/worldwide-woods\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-20844 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Janka-lank-225x330.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"330\" \/><\/a>The poster,\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/worldwide-woods\/\">Worldwide Woods, Ranked by Hardness,<\/a><\/strong> should be required reading for anyone enrolled in the school of wood nerdery. I have amassed over 500 wood species on a single poster, arranged into eight major geographic regions, with each wood sorted and ranked according to its Janka hardness. Each wood has been meticulously documented and photographed, listed with its Janka hardness value (in lbf) and geographic and global hardness rankings. Consider this: the venerable red oak <em>(Quercus rubra)<\/em> sits at only #33 in North America and #278 worldwide for hardness! Aspiring wood nerds be advised: your syllabus may be calling for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/worldwide-woods\/\"><em>Worldwide Woods<\/em><\/a> as part of your next assignment!\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>by Eric Meier \u201cWhat\u2019s the best type of wood finish to use for this wood?\u201d\u00a0I\u2019m always amused when I get asked this question, as if there is only one single \u201cright\u201d finish to use for a given wood species. The real answer would be, \u201cit depends\u2026\u201d It all depends on what type of look you\u2019re [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":9,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-15815","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15815","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15815"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15815\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24664,"href":"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15815\/revisions\/24664"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15815"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}