{"id":24833,"date":"2020-08-13T05:09:09","date_gmt":"2020-08-13T10:09:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/?page_id=24833"},"modified":"2020-10-13T05:04:17","modified_gmt":"2020-10-13T10:04:17","slug":"working-with-unknown-or-obscure-woods","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wood-articles\/working-with-unknown-or-obscure-woods\/","title":{"rendered":"Working with Unknown or Obscure Woods"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"24833\" class=\"elementor elementor-24833\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5721cd7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5721cd7\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7ffc3a2\" data-id=\"7ffc3a2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c4902dd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c4902dd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>By Eric Meier<\/strong><\/p><p>You&#8217;ve got a piece of wood, maybe it was inherited or passed along from someone, and you&#8217;re not sure what it is. Your best <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wood-articles\/wood-identification-guide\/\">attempts at identification<\/a> have turned up fruitless. Or perhaps you&#8217;ve cut down a standing tree (or recovered a storm-damaged tree) and you know exactly what you&#8217;ve got\u2014but it&#8217;s a very obscure species with no available information (it would be pretty awesome if you could <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/donating-wood-samples\/\">send me a piece<\/a>). In these instances, it helps to keep a few guidelines in mind to help get the best out of the wood.<\/p><h2>Stereotypes can be good&#8230;<\/h2><p>&#8230;When it comes to wood, that is. Basically, there are certain characteristics that are observable in wood, which can help give hints as to how a wood will probably behave when being worked. While not infallible, they are much better than flying blind.\u00a0<\/p><p>The following could be thought of as a list of &#8220;wood stereotypes&#8221; in a sense, and they should help give a better idea of what to expect when working with an unknown or obscure piece of wood.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8c76e12 elementor-widget elementor-widget-wp-widget-advads_ad_widget\" data-id=\"8c76e12\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wp-widget-advads_ad_widget.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"datab-199795025\" style=\"margin-top: 15px;margin-bottom: 15px;\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-3550840598661096\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-3550840598661096\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"6412179582\" \ndata-ad-layout=\"in-article\"\ndata-ad-format=\"fluid\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08f5e8a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"08f5e8a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 id=\"strength\">1. Get a sense of the wood&#8217;s weight<\/h2>\nThis is number one for a reason. Density is probably the single best indicator of how a wood will behave in terms of workability and strength. The USDA&#8217;s Forest Products Laboratory uses it to predict hardness, and Australia&#8217;s research branch CSIRO has developed tiers of expected minimum strength values based on a wood&#8217;s density.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-877b2a6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-toggle\" data-id=\"877b2a6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"toggle.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1421\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1421\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Strength Group SD8\u2014dried weight is between 26.2 and 32.4 lbs\/ft<sup>3<\/sup> (420-519 kg\/m<sup>3<\/sup>)<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1421\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1421\"><p><strong>Minimum values (at 12% MC)<\/strong><\/p><p><a title=\"Modulus of rupture, frequently abbreviated as MOR, (sometimes referred to as bending strength), is a measure of a specimen\u2019s strength before rupture. It can be used to determine a wood species\u2019 overall strength; unlike the modulus of elasticity, which measures the wood\u2019s deflection, but not its ultimate strength. (That is to say, some species of wood will bow under stress, but not easily break.)\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wood-articles\/modulus-of-rupture\/\"><strong>Modulus of Rupture:<\/strong><\/a> 6,530 lb<sub>f<\/sub>\/in<sup>2<\/sup> (45.0 MPa)<\/p><p><strong><a title=\"In the simplest terms, the modulus of elasticity (MOE) measures a wood\u2019s stiffness, and is a good overall indicator of its strength. Technically it\u2019s a measurement of the ratio of stress placed upon the wood compared to the strain (deformation) that the wood exhibits along its length.\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wood-articles\/modulus-of-elasticity\/\">Elastic Modulus:<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong>1,146,000 lb<sub>f<\/sub>\/in<sup>2<\/sup> (79.00 GPa)<\/p><p><a title=\"Sometimes known as compression strength parallel to the grain, this is a measurement of the wood\u2019s maximum crushing strength when weight is applied to the ends of the wood (compression is parallel to the grain). This number is a good indicator of the wood\u2019s strength in applications such as deck posts, chair legs, or other circumstances where the load being applied is parallel rather than perpendicular to the grain.\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wood-articles\/crushing-strength\/\"><strong>Crushing Strength:<\/strong><\/a> 4,350 lb<sub>f<\/sub>\/in<sup>2<\/sup> (30.0 MPa)<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1422\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1422\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Strength Group SD7\u2014dried weight is between 32.5 and 38.6 lbs\/ft<sup>3<\/sup> (520-619 kg\/m<sup>3<\/sup>)<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1422\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1422\"><p><strong>Minimum values (at 12% MC)<\/strong><\/p><p><a title=\"Modulus of rupture, frequently abbreviated as MOR, (sometimes referred to as bending strength), is a measure of a specimen\u2019s strength before rupture. It can be used to determine a wood species\u2019 overall strength; unlike the modulus of elasticity, which measures the wood\u2019s deflection, but not its ultimate strength. (That is to say, some species of wood will bow under stress, but not easily break.)\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wood-articles\/modulus-of-rupture\/\"><strong>Modulus of Rupture:<\/strong><\/a> 7,980 lb<sub>f<\/sub>\/in<sup>2<\/sup> (55.0 MPa)<\/p><p><strong><a title=\"In the simplest terms, the modulus of elasticity (MOE) measures a wood\u2019s stiffness, and is a good overall indicator of its strength. Technically it\u2019s a measurement of the ratio of stress placed upon the wood compared to the strain (deformation) that the wood exhibits along its length.\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wood-articles\/modulus-of-elasticity\/\">Elastic Modulus:<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong>1,320,000 lb<sub>f<\/sub>\/in<sup>2<\/sup> (91.00 GPa)<\/p><p><a title=\"Sometimes known as compression strength parallel to the grain, this is a measurement of the wood\u2019s maximum crushing strength when weight is applied to the ends of the wood (compression is parallel to the grain). This number is a good indicator of the wood\u2019s strength in applications such as deck posts, chair legs, or other circumstances where the load being applied is parallel rather than perpendicular to the grain.\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wood-articles\/crushing-strength\/\"><strong>Crushing Strength:<\/strong><\/a> 5,220 lb<sub>f<\/sub>\/in<sup>2<\/sup> (36.0 MPa)<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1423\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1423\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Strength Group SD6\u2014dried weight is between 38.7 and 45.5 lbs\/ft<sup>3<\/sup> (620-729 kg\/m<sup>3<\/sup>)<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1423\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1423\"><p><strong>Minimum values (at 12% MC)<\/strong><\/p><p><a title=\"Modulus of rupture, frequently abbreviated as MOR, (sometimes referred to as bending strength), is a measure of a specimen\u2019s strength before rupture. It can be used to determine a wood species\u2019 overall strength; unlike the modulus of elasticity, which measures the wood\u2019s deflection, but not its ultimate strength. (That is to say, some species of wood will bow under stress, but not easily break.)\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wood-articles\/modulus-of-rupture\/\"><strong>Modulus of Rupture:<\/strong><\/a> 9,430 lb<sub>f<\/sub>\/in<sup>2<\/sup> (65.0 MPa)<\/p><p><strong><a title=\"In the simplest terms, the modulus of elasticity (MOE) measures a wood\u2019s stiffness, and is a good overall indicator of its strength. Technically it\u2019s a measurement of the ratio of stress placed upon the wood compared to the strain (deformation) that the wood exhibits along its length.\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wood-articles\/modulus-of-elasticity\/\">Elastic Modulus:<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong>1,523,000 lb<sub>f<\/sub>\/in<sup>2<\/sup> (105.00 GPa)<\/p><p><a title=\"Sometimes known as compression strength parallel to the grain, this is a measurement of the wood\u2019s maximum crushing strength when weight is applied to the ends of the wood (compression is parallel to the grain). This number is a good indicator of the wood\u2019s strength in applications such as deck posts, chair legs, or other circumstances where the load being applied is parallel rather than perpendicular to the grain.\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wood-articles\/crushing-strength\/\"><strong>Crushing Strength:<\/strong><\/a> 5,950 lb<sub>f<\/sub>\/in<sup>2<\/sup> (41.0 MPa)<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1424\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1424\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Strength Group SD5\u2014dried weight is between 45.6 and 52.4 lbs\/ft<sup>3<\/sup> (730-839 kg\/m<sup>3<\/sup>)<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1424\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1424\"><p><strong>Minimum values (at 12% MC)<\/strong><\/p><p><a title=\"Modulus of rupture, frequently abbreviated as MOR, (sometimes referred to as bending strength), is a measure of a specimen\u2019s strength before rupture. It can be used to determine a wood species\u2019 overall strength; unlike the modulus of elasticity, which measures the wood\u2019s deflection, but not its ultimate strength. (That is to say, some species of wood will bow under stress, but not easily break.)\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wood-articles\/modulus-of-rupture\/\"><strong>Modulus of Rupture:<\/strong><\/a> 11,310 lb<sub>f<\/sub>\/in<sup>2<\/sup> (78.0 MPa)<\/p><p><strong><a title=\"In the simplest terms, the modulus of elasticity (MOE) measures a wood\u2019s stiffness, and is a good overall indicator of its strength. Technically it\u2019s a measurement of the ratio of stress placed upon the wood compared to the strain (deformation) that the wood exhibits along its length.\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wood-articles\/modulus-of-elasticity\/\">Elastic Modulus:<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong>1,813,000 lb<sub>f<\/sub>\/in<sup>2<\/sup> (125.00 GPa)<\/p><p><a title=\"Sometimes known as compression strength parallel to the grain, this is a measurement of the wood\u2019s maximum crushing strength when weight is applied to the ends of the wood (compression is parallel to the grain). This number is a good indicator of the wood\u2019s strength in applications such as deck posts, chair legs, or other circumstances where the load being applied is parallel rather than perpendicular to the grain.\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wood-articles\/crushing-strength\/\"><strong>Crushing Strength:<\/strong><\/a> 6,820 lb<sub>f<\/sub>\/in<sup>2<\/sup> (47.0 MPa)<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1425\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1425\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Strength Group SD4\u2014dried weight is between 52.4 and 59.9 lbs\/ft<sup>3<\/sup> (840-959 kg\/m<sup>3<\/sup>)<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1425\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1425\"><p><strong>Minimum values (at 12% MC)<\/strong><\/p><p><a title=\"Modulus of rupture, frequently abbreviated as MOR, (sometimes referred to as bending strength), is a measure of a specimen\u2019s strength before rupture. It can be used to determine a wood species\u2019 overall strength; unlike the modulus of elasticity, which measures the wood\u2019s deflection, but not its ultimate strength. (That is to say, some species of wood will bow under stress, but not easily break.)\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wood-articles\/modulus-of-rupture\/\"><strong>Modulus of Rupture:<\/strong><\/a> 13,630 lb<sub>f<\/sub>\/in<sup>2<\/sup> (94.0 MPa)<\/p><p><strong><a title=\"In the simplest terms, the modulus of elasticity (MOE) measures a wood\u2019s stiffness, and is a good overall indicator of its strength. Technically it\u2019s a measurement of the ratio of stress placed upon the wood compared to the strain (deformation) that the wood exhibits along its length.\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wood-articles\/modulus-of-elasticity\/\">Elastic Modulus:<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong>2,031,000 lb<sub>f<\/sub>\/in<sup>2<\/sup> (140.00 GPa)<\/p><p><a title=\"Sometimes known as compression strength parallel to the grain, this is a measurement of the wood\u2019s maximum crushing strength when weight is applied to the ends of the wood (compression is parallel to the grain). This number is a good indicator of the wood\u2019s strength in applications such as deck posts, chair legs, or other circumstances where the load being applied is parallel rather than perpendicular to the grain.\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wood-articles\/crushing-strength\/\"><strong>Crushing Strength:<\/strong><\/a> 7,830 lb<sub>f<\/sub>\/in<sup>2<\/sup> (54.0 MPa)<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1426\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1426\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Strength Group SD3\u2014dried weight is between 59.9 and 67.4 lbs\/ft<sup>3<\/sup> (960-1,079 kg\/m<sup>3<\/sup>)<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1426\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1426\"><p><strong>Minimum values (at 12% MC)<\/strong><\/p><p><a title=\"Modulus of rupture, frequently abbreviated as MOR, (sometimes referred to as bending strength), is a measure of a specimen\u2019s strength before rupture. It can be used to determine a wood species\u2019 overall strength; unlike the modulus of elasticity, which measures the wood\u2019s deflection, but not its ultimate strength. (That is to say, some species of wood will bow under stress, but not easily break.)\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wood-articles\/modulus-of-rupture\/\"><strong>Modulus of Rupture:<\/strong><\/a> 15,950 lb<sub>f<\/sub>\/in<sup>2<\/sup> (110.0 MPa)<\/p><p><strong><a title=\"In the simplest terms, the modulus of elasticity (MOE) measures a wood\u2019s stiffness, and is a good overall indicator of its strength. Technically it\u2019s a measurement of the ratio of stress placed upon the wood compared to the strain (deformation) that the wood exhibits along its length.\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wood-articles\/modulus-of-elasticity\/\">Elastic Modulus:<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong>2,321,000 lb<sub>f<\/sub>\/in<sup>2<\/sup> (160.00 GPa)<\/p><p><a title=\"Sometimes known as compression strength parallel to the grain, this is a measurement of the wood\u2019s maximum crushing strength when weight is applied to the ends of the wood (compression is parallel to the grain). This number is a good indicator of the wood\u2019s strength in applications such as deck posts, chair legs, or other circumstances where the load being applied is parallel rather than perpendicular to the grain.\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wood-articles\/crushing-strength\/\"><strong>Crushing Strength:<\/strong><\/a> 8,850 lb<sub>f<\/sub>\/in<sup>2<\/sup> (61.0 MPa)<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1427\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"7\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1427\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Strength Group SD2\u2014dried weight is between 67.4 and 74.9 lbs\/ft<sup>3<\/sup> (1,079-1,199 kg\/m<sup>3<\/sup>)<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1427\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"7\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1427\"><p><strong>Minimum values (at 12% MC)<\/strong><\/p><p><a title=\"Modulus of rupture, frequently abbreviated as MOR, (sometimes referred to as bending strength), is a measure of a specimen\u2019s strength before rupture. It can be used to determine a wood species\u2019 overall strength; unlike the modulus of elasticity, which measures the wood\u2019s deflection, but not its ultimate strength. (That is to say, some species of wood will bow under stress, but not easily break.)\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wood-articles\/modulus-of-rupture\/\"><strong>Modulus of Rupture:<\/strong><\/a> 18,850 lb<sub>f<\/sub>\/in<sup>2<\/sup> (130.0 MPa)<\/p><p><strong><a title=\"In the simplest terms, the modulus of elasticity (MOE) measures a wood\u2019s stiffness, and is a good overall indicator of its strength. Technically it\u2019s a measurement of the ratio of stress placed upon the wood compared to the strain (deformation) that the wood exhibits along its length.\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wood-articles\/modulus-of-elasticity\/\">Elastic Modulus:<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong>2,683,000 lb<sub>f<\/sub>\/in<sup>2<\/sup> (185.00 GPa)<\/p><p><a title=\"Sometimes known as compression strength parallel to the grain, this is a measurement of the wood\u2019s maximum crushing strength when weight is applied to the ends of the wood (compression is parallel to the grain). This number is a good indicator of the wood\u2019s strength in applications such as deck posts, chair legs, or other circumstances where the load being applied is parallel rather than perpendicular to the grain.\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wood-articles\/crushing-strength\/\"><strong>Crushing Strength:<\/strong><\/a> 10,150 lb<sub>f<\/sub>\/in<sup>2<\/sup> (70.0 MPa)<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1428\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"8\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1428\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Strength Group SD1\u2014dried weight is over 74.9 lbs\/ft<sup>3<\/sup> (1,200+ kg\/m<sup>3<\/sup>)<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1428\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"8\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1428\"><p><strong>Minimum values (at 12% MC)<\/strong><\/p><p><a title=\"Modulus of rupture, frequently abbreviated as MOR, (sometimes referred to as bending strength), is a measure of a specimen\u2019s strength before rupture. It can be used to determine a wood species\u2019 overall strength; unlike the modulus of elasticity, which measures the wood\u2019s deflection, but not its ultimate strength. (That is to say, some species of wood will bow under stress, but not easily break.)\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wood-articles\/modulus-of-rupture\/\"><strong>Modulus of Rupture:<\/strong><\/a> 21,760 lb<sub>f<\/sub>\/in<sup>2<\/sup> (150.0 MPa)<\/p><p><strong><a title=\"In the simplest terms, the modulus of elasticity (MOE) measures a wood\u2019s stiffness, and is a good overall indicator of its strength. Technically it\u2019s a measurement of the ratio of stress placed upon the wood compared to the strain (deformation) that the wood exhibits along its length.\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wood-articles\/modulus-of-elasticity\/\">Elastic Modulus:<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong>3,118,000 lb<sub>f<\/sub>\/in<sup>2<\/sup> (215.00 GPa)<\/p><p><a title=\"Sometimes known as compression strength parallel to the grain, this is a measurement of the wood\u2019s maximum crushing strength when weight is applied to the ends of the wood (compression is parallel to the grain). This number is a good indicator of the wood\u2019s strength in applications such as deck posts, chair legs, or other circumstances where the load being applied is parallel rather than perpendicular to the grain.\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wood-articles\/crushing-strength\/\"><strong>Crushing Strength:<\/strong><\/a> 11,600 lb<sub>f<\/sub>\/in<sup>2<\/sup> (80.0 MPa)<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-86c2da9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"86c2da9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>DON&#8217;T BE THAT GUY.<\/strong> Everyone thinks wood is heavier than it actually is. I can&#8217;t tell you how many times someone has come to me with a wood question and prefaced it with &#8220;this wood table is extremely heavy&#8221; or some other statement.\u00a0<\/p><p>Compare it to other known woods. Heavier than oak? Lighter than pine?\u00a0<\/p><p>Ensure you have properly dried the wood before estimating weight.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-117d6b6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"117d6b6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>2. Check the wood&#8217;s color<\/h2><p>Taking a step down, perhaps because you can&#8217;t accurately weigh the wood.\u00a0<\/p><p>Notable exceptions are redwood, etc.<\/p><p>Color generally predicts weight, strength, but also durability.\u00a0<\/p><p>Why? Because color comes from heartwood extractives. Extractives are also responsible for imbuing the wood with good rot resistance, better strength and hardness, as well as accompanying odors. Heartwood extractives in most woods is a complicated cocktail of various substances, some understood and researched more than others. But the bottom line is, in general, color is the quickest and easiest way to visually stereotype a wood to get a sense for the amount of extractives. Is it inerrant? No. But it&#8217;s far better than a blind guess.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ccbe030 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ccbe030\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>3. Check for wood odor<\/h2><p>Generally, scented wood means it is more durable. Heartwood extractives. General indicators, not something to risk your next exterior project on.<\/p><p>Not green odor, but dried wood odor, especially lingering odor.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6275837 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6275837\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>4. Look at the wood&#8217;s grain patterns<\/h2><p>ring porous woods are temperate zone. Diffuse porous may indicate tropical origin without distinct growing seasons.<\/p><p>Interlocked grain will be harder to work than straight grain, pretty much across the board (pardon the pun).<\/p><p>Wild and irregular grain is harder to work than plain grain, again, this is true in nearly all instances and species.<\/p><p>Just use common sense with how a jointer or planer works with regard to grain direction. Can you plane endgrain? Not really. The closer to endgrain the you get, the work time you will have.<\/p><p><strong>DENSITY ACTS AS A MULTIPLIER.<\/strong> The wood gets bonus points for difficulty if it has both irregular grain and is also heavy.<\/p><p>Other considerations: burls, roots, monocots. Old growth. Flowering trees vs confiers. (Instead of hardwoods vs softwoods.)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a583f87 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a583f87\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2>5. Consider the wood&#8217;s form<\/h2><p>Is it planed and surfaced 4\/4 lumber? (It was probably meant for furniture.)\u00a0 A wax-sealed square blank? (It was probably meant as a turning blank.) Reclaimed wood? A shrub? A massive three foot wide slab? These things have implications, and the more information (and processing) that&#8217;s been done to the wood, the more information can be gathered.<\/p><p>A good rule of thumb for unknown wood is to use the wood for what it appears that it was processed for. This may seem painfully obvious, but it&#8217;s worth considering that there are certain stereotypical (or, more accurately, prototypical) characteristics for different spheres of woodworking.<\/p><p>Furniture: mid to medium-high density, but not too dense to make it overly difficult to machine.<\/p><p>Construction: Long, straight, lightweight boards with good strength to weight ratio.\u00a0<\/p><p>Turning: smaller, heavier, squared pieces with tighter grain and attractive appearance.<\/p><p>Carving: short but stout lightweight pieces that can hold detail well.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>By Eric Meier You&#8217;ve got a piece of wood, maybe it was inherited or passed along from someone, and you&#8217;re not sure what it is. Your best attempts at identification have turned up fruitless. Or perhaps you&#8217;ve cut down a standing tree (or recovered a storm-damaged tree) and you know exactly what you&#8217;ve got\u2014but it&#8217;s [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":25214,"parent":9,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-24833","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/24833","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24833"}],"version-history":[{"count":14,"href":"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/24833\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25778,"href":"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/24833\/revisions\/25778"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/25214"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24833"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}