{"id":4410,"date":"2011-04-28T13:03:58","date_gmt":"2011-04-28T19:03:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/?p=4410"},"modified":"2023-03-22T12:30:24","modified_gmt":"2023-03-22T17:30:24","slug":"english-holly","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/english-holly\/","title":{"rendered":"English Holly"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n
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\"English<\/a>
English Holly (Ilex aquifolium)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\"View<\/a><\/td>\n

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Common Name(s):<\/strong><\/a> English Holly, European Holly<\/p>\n

Scientific Name:<\/a> <\/strong>Ilex aquifolium<\/p>\n

Distribution:<\/strong><\/a> Europe, northwest Africa, and southeast Asia<\/p>\n

Tree Size:<\/strong><\/a> 50-65 ft (15-20 m) tall, 1-2 ft (.3-.6 m) trunk diameter<\/p>\n

Average Dried Weight:<\/a> <\/strong> 41 lbs\/ft3<\/sup> (650 kg\/m3<\/sup>)<\/p>\n

Specific Gravity (Basic, 12% MC):<\/a><\/strong> .50, .65<\/p>\n

Janka Hardness:<\/strong><\/a> 1,010 lbf<\/sub> (4,510 N)<\/p>\n

Modulus of Rupture:<\/strong><\/a> No data available*<\/p>\n

Elastic Modulus:<\/a> <\/strong>No data available*<\/p>\n

Crushing Strength:<\/strong><\/a> No data available*<\/p>\n

*Strength properties most likely very similar to American Holly<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n

Shrinkage:<\/strong><\/a> Radial: 5.4%, Tangential: 10.0%, Volumetric: 16.4%, T\/R Ratio: 1.9<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

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Color\/Appearance:<\/strong><\/a> Ideal lumber has a very uniform, pale white color with virtually no visible grain pattern. Knots are common, which can reduce the usable area of the wood. Can develop a bluish\/gray fungal stain if not dried rapidly after cutting. Holly is usually cut during the winter and kiln dried shortly thereafter to preserve the white color of the wood.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

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Grain\/Texture:<\/a> <\/strong>Grain is interlocked and irregular. Medium to fine uniform texture with moderate natural luster.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

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Endgrain:<\/strong><\/a> Diffuse-porous or semi-ring-porous; small to medium pores predominantly in radial multiples of 2-4, commonly arranged in radial rows, moderately numerous to numerous; growth rings may be distinct due to an intermittent row of earlywood pores; rays in variable sizes from narrow to very wide, normal to fairly close spacing; parenchyma not typically visible with lens.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

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Rot Resistance:<\/a> <\/strong>Rated as non-durable or perishable, and susceptible to insect attack.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

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Workability:<\/strong><\/a> Can be difficult to work on account of the numerous knots and interlocked grain. Glues, stains, and finishes well, and is sometimes stained black as a substitute for Ebony<\/a>. Turns well on the lathe.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

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Odor:<\/a> <\/strong>No characteristic odor.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

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Allergies\/Toxicity:<\/strong><\/a> Besides the standard health risks associated with any type of wood dust, no further health reactions have been associated with Holly. See the articles Wood Allergies and Toxicity<\/a> and Wood Dust Safety<\/a> for more information.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

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Pricing\/Availability:<\/strong><\/a> Seldom available for commercial sale, Holly is an expensive domestic lumber, and is usually only available in small quantities and sizes.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

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Sustainability:<\/strong><\/a> This wood species is not listed in the CITES Appendices or on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

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Common Uses:<\/strong><\/span> Inlays, furniture, piano keys (dyed black), broom and brush handles, turned objects, and other small novelty items.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

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Comments:<\/strong><\/span> Holly is typically used only for ornamental and decorative purposes. It has a fairly large shrinkage rate, with a lot of seasonal movement in service, and its strength properties are mediocre for a hardwood.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

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Related Species:<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n