{"id":474,"date":"2009-01-06T19:42:50","date_gmt":"2009-01-07T01:42:50","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/?p=474"},"modified":"2023-12-22T05:03:48","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T10:03:48","slug":"olive","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/olive\/","title":{"rendered":"Olive"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/a> > Hardwoods<\/a> > Oleaceae<\/a> > Olea <\/a>> <\/strong>europaea\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

DATA SOURCE(S):<\/a> 10,20,36,42<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\"\"<\/a>
Olive (Olea europaea)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Common Name(s):<\/strong><\/a> Olive, European olive, Italian olive, Mediterranean olive, Bethlehem olive<\/p>

Scientific Name:<\/strong><\/a> Olea europaea<\/i><\/p>

Distribution:<\/strong><\/a> Native to Mediterranean Region; also cultivated in many subtropical regions worldwide<\/p>

Tree Size:<\/strong><\/a> 25-50 ft (8-15 m)<\/span> tall,<\/p>

                     3-5 ft (1-1.5 m)<\/span> trunk diameter<\/p>

Average Dried Weight:<\/strong><\/a> 61.2 lbs\/ft3<\/sup> (980 kg\/m3<\/sup>)<\/span><\/p>

Specific Gravity (Basic, 12% MC)<\/strong><\/a>:<\/span> 0.81, .98<\/p>

Janka Hardness<\/strong><\/a>:<\/span> 2,710 lbf<\/sub> (12,060 N)<\/span><\/p>

Modulus of Rupture<\/strong><\/a>:<\/span> 20,740 lbf<\/sub>\/in2<\/sup> (143.0 MPa)<\/span><\/p>

Elastic Modulus<\/strong><\/a>:<\/span> 1,797,000 lbf<\/sub>\/in2<\/sup> (12.39 GPa)<\/span><\/p>

Crushing Strength<\/strong><\/a>:<\/span> 9,960 lbf<\/sub>\/in2<\/sup> (68.7 MPa)<\/span><\/p>

Shrinkage<\/strong><\/a>:<\/span> Radial: 4.9%, Tangential: 7.7%,<\/p>

                          Volumetric: 12.8%, T\/R Ratio: 1.6<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i> More images<\/strong><\/a> | <\/i> Identification<\/strong><\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Color\/Appearance:<\/strong><\/a> Heartwood is typically yellow to light reddish brown, with contrasting darker brown to black streaks and veins. Yellowish sapwood is generally sharply demarcated from the heartwood, though it can be harder to tell apart if the heartwood lacks contrasting streaks. Overall color tends to deepen with age. Olive is sometimes figured with curly or wavy grain, burl, or wild grain.<\/p><\/blockquote>

Grain\/Texture:<\/a> <\/strong>Grain may be straight, interlocked, or wild.\u00a0Fine uniform texture with moderate natural luster.<\/p><\/blockquote>

Rot Resistance:<\/a> <\/strong>Conflicting reports range from perishable to moderately durable. Olive has poor insect\/borer resistance.<\/p><\/blockquote>

Workability:<\/strong><\/a> Can be somewhat difficult to work on account of its density and sometimes wild or interlocked grain, resulting in tearout during surfacing operations. Olive has high movement in service and is considered to have poor stability\u2014especially if branch wood has been used (a more common occurrence with fruit trees like olive). Turns superbly, though drying checks and warpage can occur during drying. Glues and finishes well.<\/p><\/blockquote>

Odor:<\/a> <\/strong>Has a distinct, fruity scent when being worked.<\/p><\/blockquote>

Allergies\/Toxicity:<\/strong><\/a> Although severe reactions are quite uncommon, olive has been reported as a sensitizer<\/a>. Usually most common reactions simply include eye and skin irritation. See the articles Wood Allergies and Toxicity<\/a> and Wood Dust Safety<\/a> for more information.<\/p><\/blockquote>

Pricing\/Availability:<\/strong><\/a> Because of the fruit’s economic importance, healthy, cultivated olive trees typically aren\u2019t felled for lumber. Availability is generally limited to pruned branches, trimmings, and diseased\/storm damaged orchard trees. Short lumber, natural-edged slabs, turning squares, and burls are occasionally available, often from wild trees<\/span>. Prices are high for an imported hardwood.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>

Sustainability:<\/strong><\/a> This wood species is not listed in the CITES Appendices or on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.<\/p><\/blockquote>

Common Uses:<\/strong><\/span> High-end furniture, veneer, turned objects, and small specialty wood items.<\/p><\/blockquote>

Comments:<\/strong><\/span> Olive trees are commercially important throughout the natural regions where they grow. There are several subspecies and hundreds of cultivars of Olea europaea,<\/em> with each variety producing olives of different shapes, colors, etc. either for oil production or direct consumption (i.e., table olives).<\/p>

One subspecies of note is Olea europaea <\/em>ssp. cuspidata,<\/em> sometimes called African olive or wild olive. This subspecies was formerly considered a separate species (listed under various names, such as O. africana<\/em> and O. ferruginea<\/em>), though now most authors simply consider it a subspecies.[1]<\/sup><\/a>Green, P. S. (2002). A revision of Olea L.(Oleaceae). Kew Bulletin<\/i>, 91-140<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/span>