{"id":9059,"date":"2012-11-22T12:18:52","date_gmt":"2012-11-22T18:18:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/?page_id=9059"},"modified":"2022-11-16T12:15:10","modified_gmt":"2022-11-16T17:15:10","slug":"janka-hardness","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wood-articles\/janka-hardness\/","title":{"rendered":"Janka Hardness"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"9059\" class=\"elementor elementor-9059\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-56a1c2db elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"56a1c2db\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-605d79de\" data-id=\"605d79de\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1e03b1de elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1e03b1de\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>This number is incredibly useful in directly determining how well a wood will withstand dents, dings, and wear\u2014as well as indirectly predicting the difficulty in nailing, screwing, sanding, or sawing a given wood species.<\/p><figure id=\"attachment_11108\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-11108\" style=\"width: 518px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11108\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/janka.png\" alt=\"Janka hardness testing\" width=\"518\" height=\"120\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/janka.png 518w, https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/janka-200x46.png 200w, https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/janka-60x13.png 60w, https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/janka-400x92.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 518px) 100vw, 518px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-11108\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Janka hardness testing<\/figcaption><\/figure><p>The actual number listed in the wood profile is the amount of pounds-force (lb<sub>f<\/sub>) or newtons (N) required to imbed a .444&#8243; (11.28 mm) diameter steel ball into the wood to half the ball\u2019s diameter. This number is given for wood that has been dried to a 12% moisture content, unless otherwise noted.<\/p><p>For reference,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/white-oak\/\">white oak<\/a> has a Janka hardness of 1,350 lb<sub>f<\/sub> (5,990 N), while the super-hard <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/lignum-vitae\/\">lignum vitae<\/a> has a hardness of an astounding 4,390 lb<sub>f<\/sub> (19,510 N). (Who could imagine a wood species that is over three times harder than white oak?) On the lower end of the spectrum, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/basswood\/\">basswood<\/a> has a hardness of around 410 lb<sub>f<\/sub> (1,820 N).<\/p><p><img decoding=\"async\" title=\"hardness\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/hardness.png\" alt=\"hardness\" width=\"268\" height=\"208\" \/><\/p><p>Also, in some instances (where noted), I\u2019ve estimated the Janka hardness value using equations that use the wood\u2019s <a title=\"Technically, specific gravity is a measure of the ratio of a wood\u2019s density as compared to water. (So if a wood is of the same density as water, the specific gravity would be 1.00.) The first number is the basic specific gravity, based on the botanical standard of ovendry weight and green volume. The second number is meant for woodworkers, and is simply a snapshot of the wood\u2019s specific gravity at 12% MC, (that is, both 12% MC weight and volume).\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wood-articles\/specific-gravity\/\">basic specific gravity<\/a>, as found in the paper,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.fpl.fs.usda.gov\/documnts\/fplrp\/fpl_rp643.pdf\">\u201cEstimating Janka Hardness from Specific Gravity for Tropical and Temperate Species.\u201d<\/a><\/p><blockquote><p><strong>Related Articles:<\/strong><\/p><ul><li><strong><a title=\"This is a measure of a wood\u2019s weight in relation to a preset volume. Usually it\u2019s pounds per cubic foot (lbs\/ft3), or in metric units: kilograms per cubic meter (kg\/m3). However, a wood\u2019s weight will also greatly depend on it\u2019s moisture content (MC); all readings are standardized to reflect the weight at a 12% moisture content.\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wood-articles\/average-dried-weight\/\">Average Dried Weight<\/a><\/strong><\/li><li><strong><a title=\"Technically, specific gravity is a measure of the ratio of a wood\u2019s density as compared to water. (So if a wood is of the same density as water, the specific gravity would be 1.00.) The first number is the basic specific gravity, based on the botanical standard of ovendry weight and green volume. The second number is meant for woodworkers, and is simply a snapshot of the wood\u2019s specific gravity at 12% MC, (that is, both 12% MC weight and volume).\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wood-articles\/specific-gravity\/\">Specific Gravity<\/a><\/strong><\/li><li><strong><strong><a title=\"Link to Top Ten Heaviest Woods\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wood-articles\/top-ten-hardest-woods\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Top Ten Hardest\u00a0Woods<\/a><\/strong><\/strong><\/li><\/ul><\/blockquote><h2><strong>Are you an aspiring wood nerd?<\/strong><\/h2><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/worldwide-woods\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-20844 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Janka-lank-225x330.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"330\" \/><\/a>The poster,\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/worldwide-woods\/\">Worldwide Woods, Ranked by Hardness,<\/a><\/strong> should be required reading for anyone enrolled in the school of wood nerdery. I have amassed over 500 wood species on a single poster, arranged into eight major geographic regions, with each wood sorted and ranked according to its Janka hardness. Each wood has been meticulously documented and photographed, listed with its Janka hardness value (in lbf) and geographic and global hardness rankings. Consider this: the venerable Red Oak (Quercus rubra) sits at only #33 in North America and #278 worldwide for hardness! Aspiring wood nerds be advised: your syllabus may be calling for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/worldwide-woods\/\"><em>Worldwide Woods<\/em><\/a> as part of your next assignment!<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This number is incredibly useful in directly determining how well a wood will withstand dents, dings, and wear\u2014as well as indirectly predicting the difficulty in nailing, screwing, sanding, or sawing a given wood species. The actual number listed in the wood profile is the amount of pounds-force (lbf) or newtons (N) required to imbed a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":9,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-9059","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9059","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9059"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9059\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":36024,"href":"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9059\/revisions\/36024"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wood-database.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9059"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}